{"id":1765,"date":"2025-07-25T12:17:16","date_gmt":"2025-07-25T12:17:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itxperts.co.in\/blog\/?p=1765"},"modified":"2025-07-25T12:39:55","modified_gmt":"2025-07-25T12:39:55","slug":"python-programs-class-11-12-cbse-practical-file","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itxperts.co.in\/blog\/python-programs-class-11-12-cbse-practical-file\/","title":{"rendered":"100+ Python Programs for Class 11 & 12 (CBSE) \u2013 Basics to Projects with Code"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Are you a Class 11 or 12 student looking for complete Python programs for your CBSE practical file? This post brings you 100+ well-structured Python programs with output \u2014 covering everything from basics to advanced concepts like file handling, data structures, functions, Pandas, and mini projects. Whether you’re preparing for school exams, board practicals, or just want to practice and improve, these programs are organized topic-wise to help you learn Python step by step.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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1. Hello World program<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
print(\"Hello, World!\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. Display your name, age, class<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
name = \"Vikram\"\nage = 16\nstudent_class = \"11th\"\nprint(\"Name:\", name)\nprint(\"Age:\", age)\nprint(\"Class:\", student_class)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3. Add two numbers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
a = 10\nb = 20\nsum = a + b\nprint(\"Sum:\", sum)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
4. Find the square and cube of a number<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
num = 5\nsquare = num ** 2\ncube = num ** 3\nprint(\"Square:\", square)\nprint(\"Cube:\", cube)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5. Calculate area of circle, rectangle, triangle<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
import math\nradius = 7\ncircle_area = math.pi * radius ** 2\nprint(\"Area of Circle:\", circle_area)\nlength = 5\nwidth = 3\nrectangle_area = length * width\nprint(\"Area of Rectangle:\", rectangle_area)\nbase = 10\nheight = 6\ntriangle_area = 0.5 * base * height\nprint(\"Area of Triangle:\", triangle_area)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
6. Convert Celsius to Fahrenheit<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
celsius = 37\nfahrenheit = (celsius * 9\/5) + 32\nprint(\"Fahrenheit:\", fahrenheit)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
7. Swap two numbers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
a = 10\nb = 20\na, b = b, a\nprint(\"a =\", a)\nprint(\"b =\", b)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
8. Find the largest of three numbers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
a = 15\nb = 25\nc = 10\nif a >= b and a >= c:\n    largest = a\nelif b >= a and b >= c:\n    largest = b\nelse:\n    largest = c\nprint(\"Largest number is:\", largest)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
9. Check if a number is even or odd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
num = 9\nif num % 2 == 0:\n    print(\"Even\")\nelse:\n    print(\"Odd\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
10. Find ASCII value of a character<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
char = 'A'\nprint(\"ASCII value of\", char, \"is\", ord(char))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
11. Check if character is vowel or consonant<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
ch = 'e'\nif ch.lower() in 'aeiou':\n    print(\"Vowel\")\nelse:\n    print(\"Consonant\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
12. Use input() and print() formatting<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
name = input(\"Enter your name: \")\nmarks = float(input(\"Enter your marks: \"))\nprint(f\"Hello {name}, you scored {marks} marks.\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
13. Use math functions (sqrt, pow, log)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
import math\nnum = 16\nprint(\"Square Root:\", math.sqrt(num))\nprint(\"2 to the power 3:\", math.pow(2, 3))\nprint(\"Log base 10 of 1000:\", math.log10(1000))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
14. Simple calculator using if-elif-else<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
a = 10\nb = 5\noperator = input(\"Enter operator (+, -, *, \/): \")\nif operator == '+':\n    print(\"Result:\", a + b)\nelif operator == '-':\n    print(\"Result:\", a - b)\nelif operator == '*':\n    print(\"Result:\", a * b)\nelif operator == '\/':\n    print(\"Result:\", a \/ b)\nelse:\n    print(\"Invalid operator\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
15. Check leap year<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
year = 2024\nif (year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 != 0) or (year % 400 == 0):\n    print(year, \"is a Leap Year\")\nelse:\n    print(year, \"is not a Leap Year\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
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Conditional & Loops<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
1. Check prime number<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
num = 29\nis_prime = True\n\nif num <= 1:\n    is_prime = False\nelse:\n    for i in range(2, int(num ** 0.5) + 1):\n        if num % i == 0:\n            is_prime = False\n            break\n\nif is_prime:\n    print(num, \"is a Prime number\")\nelse:\n    print(num, \"is not a Prime number\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. Display first 10 natural numbers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
for i in range(1, 11):\n    print(i)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3. Display multiplication table of a number<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
num = 5\nfor i in range(1, 11):\n    print(num, \"x\", i, \"=\", num * i)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
4. Calculate factorial<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
num = 5\nfactorial = 1\n\nfor i in range(1, num + 1):\n    factorial *= i\n\nprint(\"Factorial of\", num, \"is\", factorial)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5. Generate Fibonacci series<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
n = 10\na, b = 0, 1\n\nfor i in range(n):\n    print(a, end=\" \")\n    a, b = b, a + b\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
6. Reverse a number<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
num = 1234\nrev = 0\n\nwhile num > 0:\n    digit = num % 10\n    rev = rev * 10 + digit\n    num \/\/= 10\n\nprint(\"Reversed number is\", rev)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
7. Palindrome check<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
num = 121\ntemp = num\nrev = 0\n\nwhile num > 0:\n    rev = rev * 10 + num % 10\n    num \/\/= 10\n\nif temp == rev:\n    print(\"Palindrome number\")\nelse:\n    print(\"Not a Palindrome\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
8. Armstrong number check<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
num = 153\nsum = 0\ntemp = num\nn = len(str(num))\n\nwhile temp > 0:\n    digit = temp % 10\n    sum += digit ** n\n    temp \/\/= 10\n\nif num == sum:\n    print(\"Armstrong number\")\nelse:\n    print(\"Not an Armstrong number\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
9. Count digits of a number<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
num = 123456\ncount = 0\n\nwhile num > 0:\n    count += 1\n    num \/\/= 10\n\nprint(\"Number of digits:\", count)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
10. Sum of digits<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
num = 1234\nsum = 0\n\nwhile num > 0:\n    sum += num % 10\n    num \/\/= 10\n\nprint(\"Sum of digits:\", sum)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
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Strings<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
1. Reverse a string<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
text = \"hello\"\nreversed_text = text[::-1]\nprint(\"Reversed string:\", reversed_text)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. Check palindrome string<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
text = \"madam\"\nif text == text[::-1]:\n    print(\"Palindrome string\")\nelse:\n    print(\"Not a Palindrome\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3. Count vowels in a string<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
text = \"Hello World\"\nvowels = 'aeiouAEIOU'\ncount = 0\n\nfor char in text:\n    if char in vowels:\n        count += 1\n\nprint(\"Number of vowels:\", count)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
4. Convert string to uppercase and lowercase<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
text = \"Python Programming\"\nprint(\"Uppercase:\", text.upper())\nprint(\"Lowercase:\", text.lower())\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5. Count characters, words, spaces in a string<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
text = \"Python is fun\"\nchar_count = len(text)\nword_count = len(text.split())\nspace_count = text.count(\" \")\n\nprint(\"Characters:\", char_count)\nprint(\"Words:\", word_count)\nprint(\"Spaces:\", space_count)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
6. Find frequency of a character<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
text = \"banana\"\nchar = 'a'\nfrequency = text.count(char)\nprint(\"Frequency of\", char, \"is\", frequency)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
7. Replace substring<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
text = \"I like Python\"\nnew_text = text.replace(\"Python\", \"Java\")\nprint(\"Updated string:\", new_text)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
8. Find longest word in a string<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
text = \"Python Java JavaScript\"\nwords = text.split()\nlongest = max(words, key=len)\nprint(\"Longest word:\", longest)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
9. Check anagram<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
str1 = \"listen\"\nstr2 = \"silent\"\n\nif sorted(str1) == sorted(str2):\n    print(\"Anagram\")\nelse:\n    print(\"Not an Anagram\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
10. Remove punctuation from a string<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
import string\ntext = \"Hello, World!\"\ncleaned = \"\"\n\nfor char in text:\n    if char not in string.punctuation:\n        cleaned += char\n\nprint(\"String without punctuation:\", cleaned)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
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Lists & Tuples<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
1. Create and display a list<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
fruits = [\"apple\", \"banana\", \"mango\"]\nprint(\"Fruits list:\", fruits)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. Add and remove elements from list<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
numbers = [10, 20, 30]\nnumbers.append(40)\nnumbers.remove(20)\nprint(\"Updated list:\", numbers)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3. Sort and reverse list<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
data = [5, 2, 8, 1, 9]\ndata.sort()\nprint(\"Sorted list:\", data)\ndata.reverse()\nprint(\"Reversed list:\", data)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
4. Find max, min, sum of list<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
marks = [88, 76, 90, 65]\nprint(\"Maximum:\", max(marks))\nprint(\"Minimum:\", min(marks))\nprint(\"Sum:\", sum(marks))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5. Merge two lists<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
list1 = [1, 2, 3]\nlist2 = [4, 5]\nmerged = list1 + list2\nprint(\"Merged list:\", merged)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
6. Check element in list<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
colors = [\"red\", \"green\", \"blue\"]\nif \"green\" in colors:\n    print(\"Green is in the list\")\nelse:\n    print(\"Green is not in the list\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
7. Count frequency using list<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
items = [\"pen\", \"pencil\", \"pen\", \"eraser\", \"pen\"]\ncount = items.count(\"pen\")\nprint(\"Pen appears\", count, \"times\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
8. Convert list to tuple and vice versa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
cities = [\"Delhi\", \"Mumbai\", \"Chennai\"]\ncities_tuple = tuple(cities)\nprint(\"Tuple:\", cities_tuple)\nnew_list = list(cities_tuple)\nprint(\"List:\", new_list)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
9. Create nested list<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
students = [[\"Ankit\", 85], [\"Riya\", 92], [\"Aman\", 78]]\nfor student in students:\n    print(\"Name:\", student[0], \"Marks:\", student[1])\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
10. List comprehension example<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
squares = [x**2 for x in range(1, 6)]\nprint(\"Squares:\", squares)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
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Dictionaries & Sets<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
1. Create a dictionary with student details<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
student = {\"name\": \"Riya\", \"age\": 17, \"class\": \"11th\"}\nprint(\"Student details:\", student)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. Add, update, delete dictionary items<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
student = {\"name\": \"Riya\", \"age\": 17}\nstudent[\"class\"] = \"11th\"\nstudent[\"age\"] = 18\ndel student[\"name\"]\nprint(\"Updated dictionary:\", student)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3. Search key in dictionary<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
student = {\"name\": \"Riya\", \"age\": 17}\nif \"age\" in student:\n    print(\"Key 'age' found\")\nelse:\n    print(\"Key 'age' not found\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
4. Count frequency of words using dictionary<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
text = \"apple banana apple mango banana apple\"\nwords = text.split()\nfrequency = {}\n\nfor word in words:\n    frequency[word] = frequency.get(word, 0) + 1\n\nprint(\"Word frequency:\", frequency)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5. Merge two dictionaries<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
dict1 = {\"a\": 1, \"b\": 2}\ndict2 = {\"c\": 3, \"d\": 4}\nmerged = {**dict1, **dict2}\nprint(\"Merged dictionary:\", merged)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
6. Create and display set<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4}\nprint(\"Set:\", numbers)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
7. Set operations (union, intersection, difference)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
a = {1, 2, 3}\nb = {3, 4, 5}\nprint(\"Union:\", a | b)\nprint(\"Intersection:\", a & b)\nprint(\"Difference:\", a - b)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
8. Check element in set<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
fruits = {\"apple\", \"banana\", \"mango\"}\nif \"banana\" in fruits:\n    print(\"Banana is in the set\")\nelse:\n    print(\"Banana is not in the set\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
9. Convert list to set<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
colors = [\"red\", \"green\", \"blue\", \"red\"]\ncolor_set = set(colors)\nprint(\"Set:\", color_set)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
10. Remove duplicates using set<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
nums = [1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5]\nunique = list(set(nums))\nprint(\"List without duplicates:\", unique)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
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Class 12 Python Programs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
File Handling<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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1. Read and write a text file<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
with open(\"sample.txt\", \"w\") as f:\n    f.write(\"This is a sample text file.\")\n\nwith open(\"sample.txt\", \"r\") as f:\n    content = f.read()\n    print(\"File content:\", content)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. Count words in a file<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
with open(\"sample.txt\", \"r\") as f:\n    words = f.read().split()\n    print(\"Total words:\", len(words))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3. Count lines and characters<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
with open(\"sample.txt\", \"r\") as f:\n    lines = f.readlines()\n    line_count = len(lines)\n    char_count = sum(len(line) for line in lines)\n    print(\"Lines:\", line_count)\n    print(\"Characters:\", char_count)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
4. Append text to a file<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
with open(\"sample.txt\", \"a\") as f:\n    f.write(\"\\nThis line is appended.\")\n\nwith open(\"sample.txt\", \"r\") as f:\n    print(f.read())\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5. Read file line by line<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
with open(\"sample.txt\", \"r\") as f:\n    for line in f:\n        print(line.strip())\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
6. Remove blank lines from file<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
with open(\"sample.txt\", \"r\") as f:\n    lines = f.readlines()\n\nwith open(\"sample.txt\", \"w\") as f:\n    for line in lines:\n        if line.strip():\n            f.write(line)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
7. Copy one file to another<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
with open(\"sample.txt\", \"r\") as f1:\n    data = f1.read()\n\nwith open(\"copy.txt\", \"w\") as f2:\n    f2.write(data)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
8. Search for a word in file<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
word_to_find = \"sample\"\nfound = False\n\nwith open(\"sample.txt\", \"r\") as f:\n    for line in f:\n        if word_to_find in line:\n            found = True\n            break\n\nif found:\n    print(\"Word found\")\nelse:\n    print(\"Word not found\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
9. Replace word in file<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
with open(\"sample.txt\", \"r\") as f:\n    content = f.read()\n\ncontent = content.replace(\"sample\", \"example\")\n\nwith open(\"sample.txt\", \"w\") as f:\n    f.write(content)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
10. Display only numeric lines from a file<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
with open(\"sample.txt\", \"r\") as f:\n    for line in f:\n        if line.strip().isdigit():\n            print(\"Numeric line:\", line.strip())\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
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Functions & Recursion<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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1. Function with arguments<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
def greet(name):\n    print(\"Hello\", name)\n\ngreet(\"Riya\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. Recursive factorial function<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
def factorial(n):\n    if n == 0:\n        return 1\n    else:\n        return n * factorial(n - 1)\n\nprint(\"Factorial:\", factorial(5))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3. Recursive Fibonacci<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
def fibonacci(n):\n    if n <= 1:\n        return n\n    else:\n        return fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2)\n\nfor i in range(10):\n    print(fibonacci(i), end=\" \")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
4. Function to check prime<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
def is_prime(num):\n    if num <= 1:\n        return False\n    for i in range(2, int(num ** 0.5) + 1):\n        if num % i == 0:\n            return False\n    return True\n\nprint(\"Prime:\", is_prime(17))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5. Lambda function usage<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
square = lambda x: x * x\nprint(\"Square:\", square(4))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
6. Return multiple values<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
def calculate(a, b):\n    return a + b, a - b, a * b\n\nadd, sub, mul = calculate(10, 5)\nprint(\"Add:\", add)\nprint(\"Subtract:\", sub)\nprint(\"Multiply:\", mul)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
7. Function to reverse string<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
def reverse_string(s):\n    return s[::-1]\n\nprint(\"Reversed:\", reverse_string(\"hello\"))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
8. Function to sort list<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
def sort_list(lst):\n    return sorted(lst)\n\nprint(\"Sorted list:\", sort_list([4, 2, 9, 1]))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
9. Function to calculate GCD<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
def gcd(a, b):\n    while b != 0:\n        a, b = b, a % b\n    return a\n\nprint(\"GCD:\", gcd(48, 18))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
10. Function to find LCM<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
def gcd(a, b):\n    while b != 0:\n        a, b = b, a % b\n    return a\n\ndef lcm(a, b):\n    return a * b \/\/ gcd(a, b)\n\nprint(\"LCM:\", lcm(4, 6))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
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Data Structures<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
1. Stack using list<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
stack = []\nstack.append(10)\nstack.append(20)\nstack.append(30)\nprint(\"Stack after push:\", stack)\nstack.pop()\nprint(\"Stack after pop:\", stack)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. Queue using list<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
queue = []\nqueue.append(10)\nqueue.append(20)\nqueue.append(30)\nprint(\"Queue after enqueue:\", queue)\nqueue.pop(0)\nprint(\"Queue after dequeue:\", queue)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3. Linear search<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
def linear_search(arr, target):\n    for i in range(len(arr)):\n        if arr[i] == target:\n            return i\n    return -1\n\ndata = [10, 25, 30, 45]\nprint(\"Index found at:\", linear_search(data, 30))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
4. Binary search<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
def binary_search(arr, target):\n    low = 0\n    high = len(arr) - 1\n\n    while low <= high:\n        mid = (low + high) \/\/ 2\n        if arr[mid] == target:\n            return mid\n        elif arr[mid] < target:\n            low = mid + 1\n        else:\n            high = mid - 1\n\n    return -1\n\ndata = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]\nprint(\"Index found at:\", binary_search(data, 30))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5. Bubble sort<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
data = [64, 34, 25, 12, 22]\nn = len(data)\n\nfor i in range(n):\n    for j in range(0, n - i - 1):\n        if data[j] > data[j + 1]:\n            data[j], data[j + 1] = data[j + 1], data[j]\n\nprint(\"Sorted list:\", data)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
6. Selection sort<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
data = [64, 25, 12, 22, 11]\n\nfor i in range(len(data)):\n    min_index = i\n    for j in range(i + 1, len(data)):\n        if data[j] < data[min_index]:\n            min_index = j\n    data[i], data[min_index] = data[min_index], data[i]\n\nprint(\"Sorted list:\", data)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
7. Insertion sort<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
data = [12, 11, 13, 5, 6]\n\nfor i in range(1, len(data)):\n    key = data[i]\n    j = i - 1\n    while j >= 0 and key < data[j]:\n        data[j + 1] = data[j]\n        j -= 1\n    data[j + 1] = key\n\nprint(\"Sorted list:\", data)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
8. Merge two sorted lists<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
a = [1, 3, 5]\nb = [2, 4, 6]\nmerged = sorted(a + b)\nprint(\"Merged list:\", merged)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
9. Count even and odd numbers in list<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]\neven = 0\nodd = 0\n\nfor num in numbers:\n    if num % 2 == 0:\n        even += 1\n    else:\n        odd += 1\n\nprint(\"Even:\", even)\nprint(\"Odd:\", odd)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
10. Store student marks using dictionary<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
marks = {\"Riya\": 85, \"Aman\": 78, \"Kiran\": 92}\nfor name in marks:\n    print(\"Name:\", name, \"Marks:\", marks[name])\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
DataFrame using Pandas (Class 12 only)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n
Note: Make sure pandas<\/strong> library is installed (pip install pandas<\/code>)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
\n
<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
1. Create DataFrame from list<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
import pandas as pd\n\ndata = [[\"Riya\", 85], [\"Aman\", 78], [\"Kiran\", 92]]\ndf = pd.DataFrame(data, columns=[\"Name\", \"Marks\"])\nprint(df)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. Create DataFrame from dictionary<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
import pandas as pd\n\ndata = {\"Name\": [\"Riya\", \"Aman\", \"Kiran\"], \"Marks\": [85, 78, 92]}\ndf = pd.DataFrame(data)\nprint(df)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3. Read CSV file into DataFrame<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
import pandas as pd\n\ndf = pd.read_csv(\"students.csv\")\nprint(df)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
4. Display column names and data types<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
print(\"Column Names:\", df.columns)\nprint(\"Data Types:\")\nprint(df.dtypes)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5. Select specific columns and rows<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
print(\"Only Name column:\")\nprint(df[\"Name\"])\n\nprint(\"First two rows:\")\nprint(df.head(2))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
6. Add new column<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
df[\"Grade\"] = [\"B\", \"C\", \"A\"]\nprint(df)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
7. Delete column<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
df.drop(\"Grade\", axis=1, inplace=True)\nprint(df)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
8. Filter rows using condition<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
filtered = df[df[\"Marks\"] > 80]\nprint(\"Students with Marks > 80:\")\nprint(filtered)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
9. Sort DataFrame<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
sorted_df = df.sort_values(by=\"Marks\", ascending=False)\nprint(\"Sorted by Marks:\")\nprint(sorted_df)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
10. Group by a column and calculate mean<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
data = {\"Class\": [\"11\", \"12\", \"11\", \"12\"], \"Marks\": [85, 90, 78, 88]}\ndf = pd.DataFrame(data)\ngrouped = df.groupby(\"Class\")[\"Marks\"].mean()\nprint(\"Average marks by class:\")\nprint(grouped)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
Miscellaneous\/Project Based<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
1. Student Management System (using dictionary)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
students = {}\n\nstudents[\"101\"] = {\"name\": \"Riya\", \"class\": \"11\", \"marks\": 85}\nstudents[\"102\"] = {\"name\": \"Aman\", \"class\": \"12\", \"marks\": 78}\n\nfor roll, details in students.items():\n    print(\"Roll No:\", roll)\n    print(\"Name:\", details[\"name\"])\n    print(\"Class:\", details[\"class\"])\n    print(\"Marks:\", details[\"marks\"])\n    print()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. Quiz App using if-else<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
score = 0\n\nans = input(\"What is the capital of India? \")\nif ans.lower() == \"delhi\":\n    score += 1\n\nans = input(\"What is 5 + 3? \")\nif ans == \"8\":\n    score += 1\n\nprint(\"Your Score:\", score)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3. Mini Calculator using functions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
def calculator(a, b, op):\n    if op == '+':\n        return a + b\n    elif op == '-':\n        return a - b\n    elif op == '*':\n        return a * b\n    elif op == '\/':\n        return a \/ b\n    else:\n        return \"Invalid operator\"\n\nprint(\"Result:\", calculator(10, 5, '+'))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
4. Grade generator from marks<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
marks = int(input(\"Enter marks: \"))\n\nif marks >= 90:\n    grade = 'A'\nelif marks >= 75:\n    grade = 'B'\nelif marks >= 60:\n    grade = 'C'\nelif marks >= 40:\n    grade = 'D'\nelse:\n    grade = 'F'\n\nprint(\"Grade:\", grade)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5. Bill calculator (supermarket)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
items = {\"milk\": 40, \"bread\": 30, \"eggs\": 60}\ntotal = 0\n\nfor item, price in items.items():\n    qty = int(input(\"Enter quantity of \" + item + \": \"))\n    total += qty * price\n\nprint(\"Total Bill:\", total)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
6. Simple password checker<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
password = input(\"Enter password: \")\n\nif len(password) >= 8 and any(c.isdigit() for c in password) and any(c.isupper() for c in password):\n    print(\"Strong password\")\nelse:\n    print(\"Weak password\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
7. ATM simulation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
balance = 1000\npin = \"1234\"\nentered_pin = input(\"Enter PIN: \")\n\nif entered_pin == pin:\n    amount = int(input(\"Enter amount to withdraw: \"))\n    if amount <= balance:\n        balance -= amount\n        print(\"Withdrawn:\", amount)\n        print(\"Remaining balance:\", balance)\n    else:\n        print(\"Insufficient balance\")\nelse:\n    print(\"Invalid PIN\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
8. Voting eligibility system<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
age = int(input(\"Enter your age: \"))\n\nif age >= 18:\n    print(\"Eligible to vote\")\nelse:\n    print(\"Not eligible to vote\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
9. Age calculator<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
birth_year = int(input(\"Enter birth year: \"))\ncurrent_year = 2025\nage = current_year - birth_year\nprint(\"Your age is:\", age)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
10. Report card generator<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
name = input(\"Enter name: \")\nmarks1 = int(input(\"Marks in Math: \"))\nmarks2 = int(input(\"Marks in Science: \"))\nmarks3 = int(input(\"Marks in English: \"))\n\ntotal = marks1 + marks2 + marks3\naverage = total \/ 3\n\nif average >= 90:\n    grade = 'A'\nelif average >= 75:\n    grade = 'B'\nelif average >= 60:\n    grade = 'C'\nelif average >= 40:\n    grade = 'D'\nelse:\n    grade = 'F'\n\nprint(\"Name:\", name)\nprint(\"Total:\", total)\nprint(\"Average:\", average)\nprint(\"Grade:\", grade)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Explore 100+ CBSE Class 11 & 12 Python programs with output covering fundamentals, conditionals, loops, strings, lists, dictionaries, file handling, pandas, functions, data structures, and mini projects \u2014 perfect for practical file and exam preparation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1766,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"googlesitekit_rrm_CAow44u0DA:productID":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[44,39,123],"tags":[153],"class_list":["post-1765","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python-tutorials","category-practical-file","category-python-worksheets","tag-python"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n100+ Python Programs for Class 11 & 12 (CBSE) \u2013 Basics to Projects with Code | Itxperts<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Explore 100+ CBSE Class 11 & 12 Python programs with output covering fundamentals, conditionals, loops, strings, lists, dictionaries, file handling, pandas, functions, data structures, and mini projects \u2014 perfect for practical file and exam preparation.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/itxperts.co.in\/blog\/python-programs-class-11-12-cbse-practical-file\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"100+ Python Programs for Class 11 & 12 (CBSE) \u2013 Basics to Projects with Code\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Are you a Class 11 or 12 student looking for complete Python programs for your CBSE practical file? This post brings you 100+ well-structured Python programs with output \u2014 covering everything from basics to advanced concepts like file handling, data structures, functions, Pandas, and mini projects. 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