CBSE Class 12 Informatics Practices (2025–26): 100 Practice Questions with Answers – Full Paper PDF

Published on November 4, 2025 by @mritxperts

Introduction

If you are preparing for CBSE Class 12 Informatics Practices (Code 065) for the 2025–26 academic session, this practice set is your ultimate companion.
We’ve curated 100 new practice questions following the latest CBSE sample paper pattern, divided into five sections (A–E), each containing 20 questions.

This paper covers Python (Pandas, DataFrames, Matplotlib), SQL, Networking, and Societal Impacts of Technology — the exact mix tested in the board exams.

Use this paper for revision, self-assessment, or classroom discussion.
Answer key is provided at the end for easy evaluation.

🅐 Section A – 20 × 1 Mark Questions

  1. The function head() in Pandas is used to:
    (A) Display first few rows
    (B) Display last few rows
    (C) Display column names
    (D) Display summary statistics
  2. Which SQL command is used to remove a table permanently from a database?
    (A) DROP TABLE
    (B) DELETE TABLE
    (C) REMOVE TABLE
    (D) ERASE TABLE
  3. Identify the topology where every device is connected to a central hub.
    (A) Star
    (B) Mesh
    (C) Ring
    (D) Tree
  4. Which of the following is an example of an open-source database?
    (A) Oracle
    (B) MySQL
    (C) MS Access
    (D) SQL Server
  5. In Python, df.shape returns:
    (A) Number of rows and columns
    (B) Only number of rows
    (C) Only number of columns
    (D) Memory size of DataFrame
  6. Which of the following SQL clauses is used with aggregate functions?
    (A) ORDER BY
    (B) GROUP BY
    (C) HAVING
    (D) WHERE
  7. The correct syntax to import Matplotlib for plotting is: import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  8. The term “phishing” refers to:
    (A) Stealing personal information via fake websites or emails
    (B) Unauthorized software installation
    (C) Encrypting personal files for ransom
    (D) Spamming unwanted messages
  9. A unique field that identifies each record in a table is called:
    (A) Foreign Key
    (B) Candidate Key
    (C) Primary Key
    (D) Alternate Key
  10. df.describe() in Pandas provides:
    (A) Data type of columns
    (B) Statistical summary of numeric columns
    (C) Column names
    (D) Index labels
  11. Expand the term “VoIP”.
  12. Which SQL function is used to find the largest value in a numeric column?
  13. What type of network covers a large geographical area like a country?
  14. Which law in India governs cybercrime and digital offenses?
  15. Write one advantage of using open-source software.
  16. Identify the data type of values [True, False, True] in Python.
  17. The dtype attribute of a Pandas Series returns _____.
  18. Which SQL keyword is used to filter duplicate values from query results?
  19. The process of converting human-readable data into coded form for transmission is called _____.
  20. The device used to connect two dissimilar networks is called _____.

🅑 Section B – 20 × 2 Mark Questions

  1. Define “DataFrame” in Pandas. Mention one way to create it.
  2. Differentiate between “DELETE” and “TRUNCATE” in SQL.
  3. What are the advantages of using Pandas over traditional Python lists?
  4. What is the purpose of the loc[] and iloc[] functions in Pandas?
  5. Define “E-waste”. Mention one way to reduce it.
  6. Write a Python statement to rename column Price to Cost in a DataFrame df.
  7. Write SQL query to display all employees whose department is ‘HR’.
  8. Explain any two benefits of using cloud computing.
  9. Define digital footprint. How can users protect their online identity?
  10. What is a modem? How is it different from a router?
  11. Explain the difference between “Phishing” and “Hacking”.
  12. Write the output of the following Python code: import pandas as pd s = pd.Series([10, 20, 30], index=['A', 'B', 'C']) print(s['B'])
  13. Write SQL query to extract the first three characters from EmpName column.
  14. Mention any two components of data communication system.
  15. Differentiate between LAN and MAN.
  16. What is data redundancy? How can normalization help in reducing it?
  17. Write one ethical issue related to Artificial Intelligence.
  18. Define the term “Copyright”. How long does it last in India?
  19. Write Python code to add a new column Total = Marks1 + Marks2 in DataFrame df.
  20. Write two features of open-source software.

🅒 Section C – 20 × 3 Mark Questions

  1. Explain any three characteristics of Pandas Series.
  2. Write Python code to create a DataFrame of 3 students showing Name, Class, and Marks.
  3. Define Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). Why are they important in the IT industry?
  4. Write three SQL commands to:
    • Create table Student
    • Insert one record
    • Display all data
  5. Differentiate between INNER JOIN and OUTER JOIN with examples.
  6. Write Python code to read a CSV file named data.csv and display first 5 rows.
  7. Explain how cyberbullying can affect individuals. Suggest any two preventive measures.
  8. Write an SQL query to display the average salary department-wise.
  9. Explain any three types of cybercrimes.
  10. Write Python code to find the maximum value from a Series.
  11. Explain the difference between “client-server” and “peer-to-peer” networks.
  12. What is data visualization? List any two types of charts in Matplotlib.
  13. Write a Python program to plot a bar graph for subjects and marks.
  14. Explain the purpose of dropna() and fillna() in Pandas.
  15. Write SQL queries for:
  • To display the name and city of customers in uppercase.
  • To count the total number of customers.
  • To show customers having NULL values in Address.
  1. Explain the use of the ROUND() function in SQL with an example.
  2. Describe the significance of domain names and DNS in the internet.
  3. Write a Python code to merge two DataFrames horizontally.
  4. Explain any three ways of ensuring cybersecurity in an organization.
  5. Write an SQL query to find the number of employees hired in 2024.

🅓 Section D – 20 × 4 Mark Questions

  1. Write Python code to create a line graph showing quarterly sales using Matplotlib.
  2. Explain with an example the concept of “Referential Integrity” in databases.
  3. Write SQL queries for the following table:
    Table: Books (BookID, Title, Author, Price, Quantity)
    • Find average price of all books.
    • List books where Price > 500.
    • Display all books sorted by Author name.
    • Increase all prices by 10%.
  4. Explain four advantages of using Pandas for data handling.
  5. Discuss the difference between primary key, foreign key, and candidate key.
  6. Write a Python program to display a pie chart of five different smartphone brands and their sales.
  7. Explain four measures to prevent online frauds.
  8. Define JOIN in SQL. Explain its types with syntax.
  9. Write Python code to save a DataFrame df as CSV and then read it again.
  10. Explain the working of the Internet with a diagram (theoretically).
  11. Explain the importance of plt.title(), plt.xlabel(), and plt.ylabel() in Matplotlib.
  12. Discuss any four features of e-Governance.
  13. Write SQL queries using table EMPLOYEE:
  • Display employees earning more than ₹60,000.
  • Display total employees in each department.
  • Show distinct department names.
  • Display average salary.
  1. Explain four types of network devices with their functions.
  2. Write Python code to replace missing values in a DataFrame with column mean.
  3. Explain the concept of data backup and its importance.
  4. Differentiate between static and dynamic websites with examples.
  5. Discuss the role of ICT in education.
  6. Write Python code to filter rows where Marks > 80 from a DataFrame df.
  7. Explain four benefits of digital communication.

🅔 Section E – 20 × 5 Mark Questions

  1. Case Study:
    A school wants to connect its three departments: Admin, Accounts, and Labs.
    • Suggest a suitable network topology.
    • Mention one suitable transmission medium.
    • Suggest devices to connect and secure the network.
    • Classify the network type (LAN/MAN/WAN).
    • Suggest one way to protect from cyber threats.
  2. Write a complete Python program to create a DataFrame of students with columns Name, Class, Marks1, Marks2. Add a Total column and save it as students.csv.
  3. Create a bar graph for the following data:
    Subjects = [‘Math’, ‘Science’, ‘English’, ‘CS’, ‘IP’]
    Marks = [85, 90, 75, 95, 80]
  4. Design SQL queries for the following table:
    Table: Orders (OrderID, Customer, Amount, Date)
    • Display total sales amount.
    • Display month-wise total orders.
    • Display customers who placed more than 5 orders.
    • Show average amount per customer.
    • Display maximum and minimum order amount.
  5. Discuss the impact of Artificial Intelligence on employment. Suggest two ways to prepare the workforce for AI-based jobs.
  6. Explain data security principles — confidentiality, integrity, and availability — with examples.
  7. Write Python code to plot a line chart of company profits for six months and save it as profits.png.
  8. Discuss the importance of data protection laws in India (IT Act 2000).
  9. Explain the use of concat() and merge() functions in Pandas with examples.
  10. Discuss five ethical issues in the use of digital technologies.
  11. Explain cloud storage. Mention any two popular cloud services.
  12. Write an SQL query to create a table Salaries and insert sample data, then find average salary.
  13. Explain the process of website hosting and domain registration.
  14. Discuss the importance of responsible social media usage for students.
  15. Explain the role of data analytics in business decision-making.
  16. Write Python program to demonstrate groupby() function in Pandas.
  17. Discuss various layers of the OSI model.
  18. Explain features, advantages, and limitations of e-commerce.
  19. Write SQL queries on table Employee(EmpID, Name, Dept, Salary, JoinDate) to:
  • Display employees joined in 2023
  • Display department-wise max salary
  • Increase all salaries by 15%
  • Count employees per department
  • Display all employee names in uppercase
  1. Write a short note on cybersecurity awareness programs and their importance in schools.

🧩 Answer Key (Short Form)

Section A

1-A, 2-A, 3-A, 4-B, 5-A, 6-B, 8-D, 9-C, 10-B, 11-Voice over Internet Protocol, 12-MAX(), 13-WAN, 14-IT Act 2000, 15-Free and customizable, 16-Bool, 17-Data type, 18-DISTINCT, 19-Encryption, 20-Router

Section B

Check for conceptual correctness per textbook (definitions, 2-mark concise).

Section C

Python, SQL, and theory answers as per CBSE marking scheme — short code accuracy, proper syntax, concept clarity.

Section D & E

Evaluation based on complete explanations, code syntax, and justification.
(Teachers may assign marks per step as per 2025 CBSE guidelines.)

🏁 Conclusion

Practicing these 100 questions will help Class 12 Informatics Practices students master every topic for the 2025–26 CBSE Board Exam.
These cover Python, Pandas, SQL, Networking, and Cyber Ethics, ensuring thorough conceptual understanding and application-based learning.

If you found this useful, share it with your classmates and teachers — and stay tuned for more CBSE practice papers!