Class 12 IP Viva Questions and Practical Preparation Guide

As the Class 12 CBSE board exams approach, Informatics Practices (IP) students must prepare not only for their written exams but also for the practical and viva assessments. This guide provides a comprehensive list of frequently asked viva questions, practical tips, and project ideas to help you excel.

What is the IP Viva?

The viva voce (oral examination) is a critical component of the IP practical exam. It tests your understanding of theoretical concepts, practical knowledge, and project work. Being well-prepared for the viva can significantly boost your overall practical marks.

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Common Viva Questions for IP Class 12

Python and Pandas

1. What is Python? Why is it popular?
2. What are data types in Python?
3. Explain the difference between a list, tuple, and dictionary.
4. What is a DataFrame in Pandas?
5. How do you create a DataFrame from a CSV file in Pandas?
6. Explain the functions head(), tail(), and info() in Pandas.
7. What is the difference between loc[] and iloc[] in Pandas?
8. How can you handle missing data in a DataFrame?
9. What is data visualization? Name some Python libraries used for it.
10. How do you plot a bar chart using Matplotlib?

SQL Queries

1. What is SQL? Explain its uses.
2. Differentiate between DDL, DML, and DCL commands.
3. What is the purpose of the SELECT statement in SQL?
4. Write an SQL query to fetch the first five records from a table.
5. What is a primary key? How is it different from a unique key?
6. Explain the difference between WHERE and HAVING clauses.
7. What is a foreign key in a database?
8. How do you use the JOIN operation in SQL?
9. Write a query to display the names of students who scored more than 90 marks.
10. What is the difference between GROUP BY and ORDER BY?

Data Visualization

1. What are the different types of charts used in data visualization?
2. How do you create a histogram in Python?
3. Explain the plot() function in Matplotlib.
4. What are the key differences between a line chart and a scatter plot?
5. How do you label axes in Matplotlib?

Computer Networking

1. What is a network? Name its types.
2. What is the difference between LAN, WAN, and MAN?
3. What is IP address? Differentiate between IPv4 and IPv6.
4. What are MAC addresses?
5. Explain the use of DNS.

Miscellaneous Questions

1. What is a CSV file? How do you work with it in Python?
2. What is the difference between open-source and proprietary software?
3. Explain the term “version control.”
4. What is the importance of comments in programming?
5. How do you handle errors in Python?

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Practical Viva Preparation

1. Understand Your Project: Be thorough with the topic, objectives, and implementation of your project. For example, if your project is based on COVID-19 data analysis, be prepared to explain:
   • The source of your data.
   • How you cleaned the data.
   • The insights derived from your analysis.
2. Practice Common Practical Questions:
   • Write a Python program to find the largest number in a list.
   • Create a DataFrame from a dictionary.
   • Write an SQL query to update a record in a table.
   • Visualize sales data using a bar chart in Matplotlib.
3. Revise Important Functions and Commands:
   • Python: len(), append(), sort(), merge(), etc.
   • Pandas: groupby(), describe(), pivot_table().
   • SQL: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, JOIN.

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Project Ideas for Class 12 IP

1. COVID-19 Data Analysis:
   • Analyze trends using Pandas and Matplotlib.
   • Display the impact of COVID-19 in various regions.
2. Student Management System:
   • Manage student records using Python and SQL.
   • Include features like adding, updating, and viewing records.
3. E-commerce Data Analysis:
   • Analyze sales trends and customer preferences.
4. Library Management System:
   • Use Python for automation and SQL for the database.
5. Weather Data Visualization:
   • Represent weather patterns using Matplotlib and Seaborn.

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Tips for Excelling in the Viva

• Be Confident: Speak clearly and confidently while answering.
• Understand Concepts: Avoid rote learning; focus on understanding.
• Revise Thoroughly: Go through your practical file, project, and key concepts.
• Ask for Clarifications: If a question is unclear, politely ask the examiner to repeat or clarify.
• Stay Calm: Take a moment to think before answering.

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FAQs

Q: What questions are commonly asked in the IP viva? A: Questions often revolve around Python programming, Pandas, SQL, data visualization, and your project work.

Q: How should I prepare for the IP viva? A: Focus on understanding your project, revising Python and SQL concepts, and practicing practical questions.

Q: What are some good IP project topics? A: Topics like COVID-19 data analysis, e-commerce trends, and student management systems are excellent choices.

Q: What is the format of the practical exam? A: The exam usually includes a practical task, project presentation, and viva voce.

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Prepare diligently, and you’ll be ready to ace your Class 12 IP practicals and viva. Good luck!