CBSE Class 12th Practical & Written Exam Question Papers with Marking Scheme 2025

Prepare effectively for your CBSE Class 12th board exams with access to the 2025 practical and written exam question papers along with detailed marking schemes. This comprehensive guide will help you understand the exam pattern, allocate marks efficiently, and excel in your preparation. Download now from Itxperts!

Informatics Practices(IP-065)

Computer Science

Computer Science SET(1-4)

Informatics Practices (IP) / Computer Science (CS) Viva Questions

Q: What is a database?
A: A database is an organized collection of data that can be accessed, managed, and updated electronically. Examples include MySQL, Oracle, and MongoDB.
Q: What is the difference between primary key and foreign key?
A: A primary key uniquely identifies a record in a table, while a foreign key is used to establish a relationship between two tables by referencing the primary key of another table.
Q: What is Python? Name some of its popular libraries.
A: Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language. Popular libraries include NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, and Scikit-learn.
Q: What is the difference between a list and a tuple in Python?
A: A list is mutable (can be changed), while a tuple is immutable (cannot be changed). Lists use square brackets ([]), and tuples use parentheses (()).
Q: What is a function? How is it defined in Python?
A: A function is a reusable block of code designed to perform a specific task. It is defined in Python using the def keyword. def my_function(): print("Hello, World!")
Q: What is the purpose of the JOIN operation in SQL?
A: The JOIN operation in SQL is used to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column. Common types include INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, and RIGHT JOIN.
Q: What is a flowchart, and why is it used?
A: A flowchart is a visual representation of an algorithm or process using symbols. It helps in understanding and communicating the logic of a program.
Q: What is the difference between break and continue statements in Python?
A: The break statement terminates the loop entirely, while the continue statement skips the current iteration and proceeds to the next iteration of the loop.
Q: What is the use of a dictionary in Python?
A: A dictionary in Python is used to store data in key-value pairs. It is defined using curly braces ({}) and allows fast lookups by key. my_dict = {"name": "John", "age": 25}
Q: What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter?
A: A compiler translates the entire source code into machine code before execution, while an interpreter translates and executes the code line by line. Examples include GCC (compiler) and Python (interpreter).

Informatics Practices (IP) / Computer Science (CS) Viva Questions

Q: What is normalization in databases? Why is it important?
A: Normalization is the process of organizing data to minimize redundancy and dependency. It is important for maintaining data integrity and optimizing database performance.
Q: What are the different types of loops in Python?
A: Python supports three types of loops:
- For loop: Iterates over a sequence (e.g., list, tuple).
- While loop: Repeats as long as a condition is true.
- Nested loops: A loop inside another loop.
Q: Explain the difference between GET and POST methods in HTTP.
A:
- GET: Used to retrieve data from the server. Data is sent in the URL and is less secure.
- POST: Used to send data to the server. Data is sent in the request body, making it more secure.
Q: What is a stack? Name a real-life application.
A: A stack is a linear data structure that follows the LIFO (Last In, First Out) principle. A real-life example is the “undo” functionality in text editors.
Q: What is recursion? Give an example.
A: Recursion is a process in which a function calls itself. For example, calculating the factorial of a number: def factorial(n): return 1 if n == 0 else n * factorial(n - 1)
Q: What is an algorithm? Name its key characteristics.
A: An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem. Key characteristics include:
- Finiteness
- Definiteness
- Input and output
- Effectiveness
Q: What is the difference between a virus and a worm in cybersecurity?
A:
- Virus: Requires a host file or program to spread.
- Worm: Can self-replicate and spread without a host.
Q: What is the use of the try and except blocks in Python?
A: These are used for error handling in Python. The try block contains the code that might raise an exception, and the except block handles the exception if it occurs.
Q: What is a binary search?
A: Binary search is an efficient algorithm for finding an item in a sorted list. It works by repeatedly dividing the search interval in half.
Q: What is an API? Provide an example.
A: An API (Application Programming Interface) is a set of rules that allows different software to communicate with each other. For example, the Google Maps API lets developers integrate mapping features into their applications.